climpred.metrics._spread

climpred.metrics._spread(forecast, verif, dim=None, **metric_kwargs)[source]

Ensemble spread taking the standard deviation over the member dimension.

System Message: WARNING/2 (spread = \std{f} )

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Parameters

  • forecast (xarray object) – Forecast.

  • verif (xarray object) – Verification data (not used).

  • dim (str) – Dimension(s) to perform metric over.

  • metric_kwargs (dict) – see std()

Details:

minimum

0.0

maximum

∞

perfect

obs.std()

orientation

negative

Example

>>> HindcastEnsemble.verify(metric='spread', comparison='m2o', alignment='same_verifs',
...     dim=['member','init'])
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:  (lead: 10)
Coordinates:
  * lead     (lead) int32 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    skill    <U11 'initialized'
Data variables:
    SST      (lead) float64 0.1468 0.1738 0.1922 0.2096 ... 0.2142 0.2178 0.2098