climpred.bootstrap.bootstrap_compute¶
- climpred.bootstrap.bootstrap_compute(hind, verif, hist=None, alignment='same_verifs', metric='pearson_r', comparison='m2e', dim='init', reference=None, resample_dim='member', sig=95, iterations=500, pers_sig=None, compute=<function compute_hindcast>, resample_uninit=<function bootstrap_uninitialized_ensemble>, **metric_kwargs)[source]¶
Bootstrap compute with replacement.
- Parameters
hind (xr.Dataset) – prediction ensemble.
verif (xr.Dataset) – Verification data.
hist (xr.Dataset) – historical/uninitialized simulation.
metric (str) – metric. Defaults to ‘pearson_r’.
comparison (str) – comparison. Defaults to ‘m2e’.
dim (str or list) – dimension(s) to apply metric over. default: ‘init’.
reference (str, list of str) – Type of reference forecasts with which to verify. One or more of [‘persistence’, ‘uninitialized’]. If None or empty, returns no p value.
resample_dim (str) –
dimension to resample from. default: ‘member’:
- 'member': select a different set of members from hind - 'init': select a different set of initializations from hind
sig (int) – Significance level for uninitialized and initialized skill. Defaults to 95.
pers_sig (int) – Significance level for persistence skill confidence levels. Defaults to sig.
iterations (int) – number of resampling iterations (bootstrap with replacement). Defaults to 500.
compute (func) –
function to compute skill. Choose from [
climpred.prediction.compute_perfect_model()
,resample_uninit (func) –
function to create an uninitialized ensemble from a control simulation or uninitialized large ensemble. Choose from: [
bootstrap_uninitialized_ensemble()
,bootstrap_uninit_pm_ensemble_from_control()
].metric_kwargs (**) – additional keywords to be passed to metric (see the arguments required for a given metric in Metrics).
- Returns
(xr.Dataset): bootstrapped results for the three different skills:
initialized for the initialized hindcast hind and describes skill due
to initialization and external forcing
uninitialized for the uninitialized/historical and approximates skill
from external forcing
persistence for the persistence forecast computed by compute_persistence
- the different results:
verify skill: skill values
p: p value
low_ci and high_ci: high and low ends of confidence intervals based
on significance threshold sig
- Return type
results
- Reference:
Goddard, L., A. Kumar, A. Solomon, D. Smith, G. Boer, P. Gonzalez, V. Kharin, et al. “A Verification Framework for Interannual-to-Decadal Predictions Experiments.” Climate Dynamics 40, no. 1–2 (January 1, 2013): 245–72. https://doi.org/10/f4jjvf.
See also
climpred.bootstrap.bootstrap_hindcast
climpred.bootstrap.bootstrap_perfect_model